Finescale Upper Ocean Structure Along 95W Between 10N and 1S During EPIC

Daniel L. Rudnick1, Hemantha W Wijesekera2, Clayton A Paulson2
1Scripps Institution of Oceanography
2Oregon State University

During 2-9 October 2001 intensive measurements of upper ocean finestructure were made using a SeaSoar equipped with sensors to measure temperature, salinity, pressure, fluorescence, and optical transmission, and a shipboard Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler. On a tow south along 95W between 10N and 1S, SeaSoar was flown in a sawtooth pattern from the surface to 250 m yielding resolution of order 1 m in the vertical and 1 km in the horizontal. While towing back northward along the same line, SeaSoar was flown on constant pressure surfaces in the mixed layer to get horizontal resolution as fine as 4 m. A realization of the equatorial front was obtained showing remarkable sharpness of this component of the general circulation. The horizontal change in temperature across the front was approximately 2C in 100 m. The corresponding change in salinity was about 0.2 psu. The density change was significant as the front was cold and salty on one side and warm and fresh on the other. It is hypothesized that frontal sharpness is related to its anomalously southward location at 0.5S and variation in wind stress across the front caused by the strong sea surface temperature gradient. Associated with the front were signs of enhanced biological activity as fluorescence and optical attenuation increased, presumably due to vertical fluxes of nutrients. A second region of high phytoplankton concentration was found near a weaker density front at 8N. In summary, his region of importance to global climate is characterized by energetic oceanic finestructure.